Summary
- Many ’90s films exposed the dark side of suburban life, challenging the perception of perfection with hidden struggles and sinister secrets.
- Cinema of the ’90s twisted suburban bliss into something malevolent and thought-provoking, delving into complex characters and societal issues.
- Movies like
Clerks
,
Apt Pupil
, and
Pleasantville
offered unique perspectives on suburban life, exploring existential dread, hidden pasts, and societal repression.
Suburban life was sold as the dream of the traditional nuclear family, but if movies are to be believed, the suburbs were also a hotbed for angst, lust, and murder. Movies of the 1990s were especially interested in exploring themes that uncovered the darker underbelly of the shiny beacon of middle-class life, piercing its pristine veil for its audience of disaffected youth. These films revealed that beneath the surface of the manicured lawns and the white picket fences lay a world of hidden desires and moral decay.
These films offered a stark contrast to the idyllic image of suburban life, revealing hidden struggles and sinister secrets lurking beneath the surface. From psychological thrillers to satirical comedies, filmmakers used the suburban setting as a backdrop to explore complex characters and societal issues, challenging viewers to question the true cost of maintaining the facade of perfection. The following 10 movies are prime examples of how cinema of the ’90s twisted the concept of suburban bliss into something far more malevolent and thought-provoking.
Related 15 Best Cult Classics That Perfectly Capture The 1990s
These cult classic movies are the perfect visual representation of the 1990s, each one offering a unique and influential perspective of the era.
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10 Clerks (1994)
Boredom In The Suburbs
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Kevin Smith’s Clerks is a film that captured suburban life from behind the counter of a local convenience store. The film tapped into the ennui and boredom of a generation who were promised the world but find themselves stagnating as young adults, having not gone much further in their lives than they’d once dreamed of. It called out the trappings of suburban life, and the repetition of menial work, but also the friendships and bonds that form around their small bubble of existence.
Shot on an extremely low budget, Clerks became a surprise success and spawned two sequels, three Jay and Silent Bob spin-off movies, a TV pilot, a short-lived animated series, comic books, and a making-of biopic. It also launched Smith’s career, and he has since gone on to write and direct other films, some of which similarly explore aspects of middle-class suburban life, like his 1995 comedy, Mallrats. Smith is returning to the suburbs in his upcoming film The 4:30 Movie, although it appears this time it’s with a much lighter and nostalgic perspective than his debut.
Clerks RComedy Where to Watch
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Kevin Smith’s Clerks is a comedy film that follows Dante Hicks and Randal Graves, two best friends who work at a conjoined storefront of a convenience store and a video rental store. Presented entirely in black and white, the film goes through a day in the life of the two characters as they deal with the mundane, the weird, and the flat-out nonsensical as Dante continues to lament his current state in life, providing sharp satire on various discussed topics.
Director Kevin Smith Release Date September 13, 1994 Writers Kevin Smith Cast Brian O’Halloran , Jeff Anderson , Marilyn Ghigliotti , Lisa Spoonauer , Jason Mewes , Kevin Smith Runtime 92 minutes
9 Apt Pupil (1998)
Nazi Neighbors In The Suburbs
Apt Pupil is an adaptation of a 1982 Stephen King novella that tells the story of a teenage boy, Todd Bowden (Brad Renfro) whose fascination with Nazism leads him to discover that his neighbor, Kurt (Ian McKellen), was a Nazi commandant at a concentration camp and a fugitive war criminal. The film delves into the hidden lives of suburbanites and the past lives many ordinary-seeming people may have led, and warns not to judge a book by its cover. As Todd’s obsession grows, the veneer of suburban safety unravels, revealing a disturbing reality beneath.
“As Todd becomes increasingly fascinated by Kurt’s horrific past, the film portrays a disturbing transformation that disrupts the facade of suburban normalcy.”
Apt Pupil is a chilling exploration of the dark connections between past atrocities and present-day suburban tranquility. As Todd becomes increasingly fascinated by Kurt’s horrific past, the film portrays a disturbing transformation that disrupts the facade of suburban normalcy. Singer’s direction and powerful performances from Renfro and McKellen bring a palpable tension to the narrative, highlighting that evil can lurk behind the most benign appearances.
Apt Pupil (1998) RThrillerCrimeDrama Director Bryan Singer Release Date October 23, 1998 Writers Stephen King , Brandon Boyce Cast Ian McKellen , Brad Renfro , Joshua Jackson , Mickey Cottrell , Michael Reid MacKay , Ann Dowd , Bruce Davison , James Karen Runtime 111 Minutes Main Genre Thriller Expand
8 Pleasantville (1998)
Repression In The Suburbs
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Pleasantville is a critique of the idyllic portrayal of 1950s suburban life that literally brought color to its black-and-white world. When modern-day siblings David (Tobey Maguire) and Jennifer (Reese Witherspoon) are transported into the monochromatic ’50s TV show, Pleasantville, their presence begins to unravel the town’s facade of perfection. As the siblings introduce new ideas and desires to the repressed suburbanites, the black-and-white world gradually transforms into color. The shift symbolizes the breaking of societal norms and embracing individuality, while also exposing the underlying dissatisfaction and repression in the seemingly perfect suburban life.
The film’s narrative asks audiences to consider the true nature of perfection and conformity. Setting Pleasantville in a time period where the suburban American Dream was heavily sold to families allowed the film to delve into themes of censorship, freedom, and equal rights. The film ultimately suggests that suburban contemporary life is more open and accepting than the past, which may be true, but Pleasantville is the only one on this list that sees the positives to modern suburban life, even if that’s achieved only by comparison to what came before.
Pleasantville PG-13ComedyDocumentaryDramaFantasy Where to Watch
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*Availability in US Director Gary Ross Release Date September 17, 1998 Cast Tobey Maguire , Reese Witherspoon , William H. Macy , Joan Allen , Jeff Daniels , J.T. Walsh Runtime 124 minutes Main Genre Comedy
7 SubUrbia (1996)
Existential Dread In The Suburbs
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“And, like all good films from the 90s,
SubUrbia
‘s soundtrack was also incredible, with songs from Sonic Youth, Beck, and The Flaming Lips.”
Richard Linklater has become a master at keen observation of specific times and places and developing a story around authentic and relatable characters. In SubUrbia, Linklater follows a group of friends in their early 20s who hang out around the local convenience store and explores the existential realization that their lives hold little meaning and there’s no hope in the future – classic Gen X. The film features standout performances from Giovanni Ribisi, Steve Zahn, and Parker Posey. And, like all good films from the ’90s, SubUrbia‘s soundtrack was also incredible, with songs from Sonic Youth, Beck, and The Flaming Lips.
Like Smith, Linklater’s films also frequently revolve around outsiders struggling on the fringes of a norm-core middle-class suburban life. His first feature film, Slacker, similarly explores the lives of misfits feeling excluded from society, and served as inspiration for Smith’s film Clerks. Arguably, SubUrbia is the pessimistic counterpart to the director’s 1993 film Dazed and Confused, which followed a group of high school students in 1976 on their last day at school.
6 Welcome to the Dollhouse (1995)
Puberty Is Hell In The Suburbs
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Welcome to the Dollhouse can be a rough watch. Todd Solondz’s coming-of-age film is set in a lower-middle-class suburb in New Jersey, and like any Solondz film, it doesn’t hold back from getting uncomfortable. The film follows Dawn Wiener (Heather Matarazzo in her debut feature film) as a shy and unpopular 12-year-old who is bullied at school, has an awkward crush on a popular high school boy, and struggles at home with a mother disinterested in Dawn but who instead fawns over her younger sister.
Solondz’s film, like another of his films on this list, Happiness, looks at suburban life with a dark disdain and deep suspicion. Welcome to the Dollhouse plays to the deepest paranoia of living in the suburbs and seems set on making viewers squirm with discomfort. The film is excellent, of course, and it became a surprise hit for its low budget, but it’s still a difficult one to watch, particularly without any sort of relief in its conclusion.
Welcome to the Dollhouse RComedyDrama
An awkward middle schooler, Dawn Wiener, navigates the trials of adolescence in suburban New Jersey. Facing bullying at school and feeling neglected at home, she struggles to find her place. Her attempts to gain acceptance and attention lead to humorous and poignant encounters, reflecting the challenges of growing up.
Director Todd Solondz Release Date May 24, 1996 Writers Todd Solondz Cast Heather Matarazzo , Victoria Davis , Christina Brucato , Christina Vidal , Siri Howard , Brendan Sexton III Runtime 88 minutes Main Genre Comedy Expand
5 Serial Mom (1994)
Murder In The Suburbs
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John Waters’ satirical slasher film, Serial Mom takes a critical view of middle-class suburban perfection, uncovering its sadistic underbelly. Although Serial Mom was a box office flop for Waters, it has since become a cult classic, and is among Waters’ best films. It follows the upper middle-class Sutphin family who live in a traditional, clean-cut suburban paradise. This Eden is gradually destroyed when the Sutphin matriarch, Beverly (Kathleen Turner), turns her obscene prank calls into a murder spree. And what drives Beverly to murder seems to be the minutiae of suburban nitpicking that would put even today’s HOAs to shame.
While satirical and farcical, Serial Mom cuts deep into the heart of the suburbs with its criticisms of the expectations of perfection and how this form of repression causes those to implode within it. Waters masterfully uses dark humor to expose the absurdities and pressures of suburban life, creating a twisted take on the American Dream. The film’s biting satire and Kathleen Turner’s iconic and unhinged performance make Serial Mom among the best of the dark suburban comedy genre.
Serial Mom Where to Watch
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Serial Mom, directed by John Waters and released in 1994, stars Kathleen Turner as Beverly Sutphin, a seemingly perfect suburban housewife who harbors a dark secret. As she navigates her everyday life, her underlying violent tendencies surface in response to societal irritants. The film blends dark comedy and satire, examining the facade of American domestic bliss while commenting on societal norms and obsessions.
Director John Waters Release Date April 13, 1994 Cast Kathleen Turner , Sam Waterston , Ricki Lake , Suzanne Somers , Walt MacPherson , Patricia Dunnock , Mink Stole Runtime 93 Minutes
4 The Craft (1996)
Witches In The Suburbs
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A lot of suburban teenage girls in the ’90s can relate to the premise of The Craft. During a time when feminism and female empowerment were becoming more mainstream, but society’s rules remained centered on men, The Craft explored how to put power into the hands of those who felt powerless. The film explores numerous issues that teenage girls face in navigating adolescence and high school politics, and warns of the dangers of unmitigated power, particularly among those unprepared for the blowback from using said power for personal gain or revenge.
The battle for power in The Craft unfortunately concludes with a message that only those born into power are strong enough to wield it, which arguably undermines some of its feminist tones, but this hasn’t detracted from the film becoming a popular cult classic. Re-watching The Craft in a modern context reveals that those middle-class suburban high school concerns linger across generations, which is why the film still holds up today. In 2020, a sequel to the film, The Craft: Legacy, was released, but it received mixed reviews.
The Craft RHorrorFantasyDrama Where to Watch
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The Craft is a 1996 teen horror movie starring Robin Tunney, Neve Campbell, Fairuza Balk, and Rachel True. The Andrew Fleming-directed film focuses on a group of outcasts at an LA high school who practice witchcraft and create their own coven. The film received mixed reviews but was a surprise hit at the box office for Columbia.
Director Andrew Fleming Release Date May 3, 1996 Writers Andrew Fleming , Peter Filardi Cast Neve Campbell , Fairuza Balk , Robin Tunney , Rachel True Runtime 101 Minutes
3 American Beauty (1999)
Lust In The Suburbs
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Although Kevin Spacey’s films are now more difficult to watch since his fall from grace, it’s hard to deny that American Beauty was a film aimed at skewering middle-class suburban life and revealing it for its fake facades. When Sam Mendes’ film first came out, it was met with great critical acclaim that earned it five Academy Awards. However, in the following decades, the film has faced backlash from critics revisiting what was once marked as a masterpiece, but in hindsight, claimed to be overrated and problematic.
Regardless, American Beauty‘s focus on one privileged middle-class white man’s attempt to break free from the shackles of the veneer of a perfect life can be viewed as a dark look inside suburbia. Lester Burnham’s (Kevin Spacey) lust for escape and recapturing his youth is unfairly placed on the shoulders of his teenage daughter’s cheerleading friend, Angela (Mena Suvari). But his demise, too, is borne from the shackles of keeping suburban secrets, which, like Serial Mom satirized, if kept repressed, will some day explode.
American Beauty (1999) RDrama
American Beauty, released in 1999, is a drama film directed by Sam Mendes. It follows the life of Lester Burnham, played by Kevin Spacey, a disillusioned suburban father undergoing a profound midlife crisis. Annette Bening co-stars as his ambitious wife, Carolyn. The film explores themes of beauty, desire, and existential ennui within the confines of American suburbia.
Director Sam Mendes Release Date September 15, 1999 Writers Alan Ball Cast Kevin Spacey , Annette Bening , Thora Birch , Wes Bentley , Mena Suvari , Peter Gallagher , Allison Janney , Chris Cooper Runtime 122 minutes Main Genre Drama Expand
2 Happiness (1998)
Beware Of Dads In The Suburbs
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As already discussed in this list, Todd Solondz doesn’t hold back in his vicious portrayals of the darkness hidden within the perfect veneer of suburbia. Even the film’s title seems to be a comment on life in the supposed happy middle-classes. Happiness tells the stories of several members of a family in the suburbs and focuses primarily on certain aspects of their sex lives.
However, it seems Solondz’s film went too far in many respects for its portrayal of particularly controversial topics. This led to the Sundance Film Festival refusing to screen Happiness, being dropped from its distribution company, and only eventually getting a limited unrated release. While the film is well-made and the performances of Dylan Baker, Philip Seymore Hoffman, and Jane Adams are excellent, Happiness is especially difficult to watch because of the controversial themes.
1 Pump Up the Volume (1990)
Teenage Angst In The Suburbs
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These days, Pump Up the Volume‘s protagonist, Mark Hunter (Christian Slater), would’ve had a mildly popular podcast or TikTok, but in the ’90s, it was an edgy pirate radio show broadcast from his parents’ basement. Mark is a loner high school student by day, but at night he’s the anonymous DJ, Hard Harry, who tells his meager audience the hard truths about life as a teenager. After making some flippant remarks on air that turn out to have major consequences, a guilt-ridden Harry delivers an honest apology and encourages his listeners to face their problems rather than surrender to them.
Pump Up the Volume
was one of the earlier Gen X films that addressed the teenage and suburban angst of the times, even predating the peak of grunge music.
Pump Up the Volume was one of the earlier Gen X films that addressed the teenage and suburban angst of the times, even predating the peak of grunge music. The film addresses the seriousness with which young people hold onto the issues in their lives and how easily dismissed they can be by adults. It faces suburban middle-class existence head-on, and ultimately calls for young people to find their voice and take ownership of their own future.